Satire and Humor in the Balochi Language and Literature: A Critical Study

Abstract

Satire and humor have played a significant role in shaping the literary tradition of Balochi, extending beyond modern literature to its neo-classical and classical phases. Classical poetry in Bewargh and Granaz Romantic story incorporated humor and satire in their love story, while in the neo-classical period, the poetry of Tawkali Mast stands as a prominent example. In the modern era, poets including Muhammad Mortani, Akram Sahib Khan, Abid Askani, and Phullan Umar have continued this tradition with notable contributions. Similarly, modern Balochi prose has witnessed the emergence of distinguished satirists such as Muhammad Baig Baigul, Sikkik Azat, Tariq Peshukani, and Essa Gul, who have significantly enriched the genre. The objective of this paper is to examine the contributions of these poets and prose writers, highlighting their role in cultivating satire and humor within the broader framework of Balochi literature. This study seeks to underscore the richness and diversity of Balochi literary expression, particularly in the domain of satire and humor, thereby situating Balochi literature within the global literary landscape.