Makhz (Research Journal)

The Impact of Globalization on Pashto and Brahui Folktale

2025-04-09T11:24:37+05:00

This study is about the impact of Globalization on the Pashto and Brahui literature (Folktale). As the world has become a Global village, so it has linked the whole world in economic, cultural, political and social aspect. Similarly, the world culture, languages have great impact on each other in translatory form. This study focuses that how the Globalization has decreased the folktale narratory or oral narration among the Pashtun and Brahui communities. This research investigated that the Pashto and Brahui Folktale has limited only to wide range of publications only in Book forms. Finally this study suggests that the Pashto and Brahui folktale should be Filmised, Dramatized, so that these may be generalized and made acquainted to a larger public contact and awareness and in this way these folktales will surely be preserved for the future in era of Globalization.

The Basic Elements and Structure of the Folktales of Milli Hindara

2025-04-18T11:38:45+05:00

In this article, we investigate the basic elements and structure of the stories of Milli Hindara. Just as every story based on basic elements, Milli Hindara also based on some special elements that make its structure different from other stories. In this article, Milli Hindara's stories divided into types such as romantic, epic and reformist stories. Along with this, the elements of Milli Hindara highlighted. This article discusses the plot, themes, supernatural elements, culture, characters, scenery, length, symbolism, brevity of expression and the results of the stories. At the end of the article, concluded that Milli Hindara's stories built on the above-mentioned elements and are such a clear Mirror that every aspect of Pashtun culture vividly reflected in it. Both the intellectual and artistic aspects of it completely encompass the Pashtun society. Future researchers can conduct extensive research on the structural elements of the stories of the Milli Hindara to further value enhancement.

A Research Review of Brahui Proverbs in Rakhshan

2025-04-22T10:44:52+05:00

Proverbs are an integral part of any language, reflecting the cultural, social, and intellectual heritage of the community that speaks it. The article focuses on the proverbs in the Brahui folk literature, particularly in the Rakhshani dialect, which is known for its sweetness and purity. Proverbs, originating from human experiences and wisdom, hold a significant place in linguistic traditions and oral literature. They serve as tools for effective communication, embedding deep meanings in short, metaphorical phrases. The study delves into the origins, definitions, and cultural significance of proverbs, as defined by scholars such as Neal R. Norrick and Wolfgang Mieder. It also highlights the role of Rakhshani dialect proverbs in preserving Brahui cultural identity and their continued relevance in daily life. Finally, the article underscores the need for further research to document and analyze these proverbs comprehensively to safeguard them for future generations.

Mohmand’s Contribution to the Pashto Literature

2025-05-02T12:30:02+05:00

The Mohmands are one of the major Pashtun tribes. This tribe has contributed a lot to the Pashto language and literature, both in prose and poetry. This articles focus on the work of only the selected writers and their services, with immense contribution to the Pashto language and literature reaching its current potential. In the field of Pashto poetry, the work of a number of classical poets, including Rehman Baba, Hameed Baba, Maazullah Khan Momand, Abdul Kabeer and Ameer Khan Hijri has been highlighted. The article also mention work of the poets of the new era who contributed enormously to the field of Pashto poetry including Qalander Momand, Sahibzada Faizi, Raza Momande and Kakaji Sanober Hussain Momand. Similar to Pashto poetry, the article also highlight writers and literary figures from the Momand tribe, including Dost Muhammad Kamil, Qalander Momand, Wazir Muhammad Gul Khan Momand, Khwaja Muhammad Sail and Ayaz Ullah Tarakzai, who have done invaluable work in the field of prose enriching the Pashto language.

An Analysis of Reaction against Censorship in Urdu Short Stories

2025-05-08T16:37:08+05:00

Writers of every era in history have had to face many trials, because speaking and enduring the truth is not an easy task. However, poets and writers have endured the hardships of imprisonment for speaking the truth. Despite restrictions on freedom of expression, they found new ways to convey their inner thoughts. This research paper discusses the restrictions on freedom of expression and the reactions of writers to these limitations in Urdu short stories.

A Critical Analysis of Orientalism in the Perspective of Iqbal's Philosophy

2025-05-09T14:58:08+05:00

This paper explores the rejection of Orientalism through the lens of Iqbal's thought, presenting a critical engagement with Western academic and cultural discourse. Drawing upon Islamic philosophy and the rich legacy of Muslim intellectual tradition, Iqbal offers a profound critique of Western discourse, particularly the reductionist and hegemonic attitudes embedded within Orientalism. By analyzing Iqbal’s poetry, lectures, and philosophical writings, the paper demonstrates how he challenges the colonial constructs of the East by reasserting the spiritual autonomy and intellectual sovereignty of the Muslim world. The study situates Iqbal within the broader framework of postcolonial critique, aligning his ideas with modern critical theorists such as Edward Said, albeit anticipating them by several decades. It also examines the intricate dynamics between Iqbal and the West, not merely as a binary of opposition, but as a dialogue wherein Iqbal selectively engages with Western philosophy to strengthen the cause of Muslim selfhood. Ultimately, this research highlights Iqbal’s response to Orientalism as a foundational contribution to decolonizing knowledge and reclaiming the dignity of Islamic civilization in the face of colonial knowledge and power.

The Importance of Jirga

2025-05-11T19:31:34+05:00

Jirga has always been given priority in Pashtun belt and is quite effective in the historical perspectives of Pashtun in which Pashtun elder resolve complicated issues, problems and disputes without any conflict, contradiction and discrimination on the basis of their experiences and expertise. Jirga is the best platform where important and major decisions are made that is accepted by all Pashtuns. Jirga is one of the effective institutions in which calture, social and territorial disputes are positively discussed and resolved with justice and sincerity. No body can violate and deny the decisions made in the Jirga. Therefore, Jirga may be functional in this modern era of 2025.